The Red Squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) is one of the UK’s most cherished native mammals, instantly recognisable by its tufted ears and vibrant russet coat. Once widespread, its populations have declined sharply due to habitat loss, disease, and competition from the introduced grey squirrel, which carries the squirrelpox virus that is deadly to reds. Conservation efforts across the UK now focus on habitat restoration, grey squirrel control, and translocation projects to strengthen remaining populations. Community-led groups, such as local Red Squirrel Networks, work alongside national organisations to monitor numbers, create “squirrel-friendly” woodlands with diverse conifer species, and establish safe corridors that allow isolated red squirrel groups to reconnect. Thanks to these targeted efforts, several strongholds, particularly in parts of Scotland, Northumberland, and Anglesey, are showing promising signs of recovery.